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THE THREE TYPES OF PAAPA & PUNYA: Anugraha Bhashanam by the Jagadguru Shankaracharya of Sringeri



Guruji starts by praising the people of the place and gets started with his speech.

Human beings need peace of mind and happiness, without which wealth and money have no value. Many people come to me and tell: Swami I have everything but I don't have peace of mind. What shall I do?
Swamiji says whatever you are going through today is result of punya(good karma) and papa(restricted karma or causing ill to others) in this birth or in previous births. Because of good deeds we get happiness and because of bad deeds we suffer. These papa and puniya are the cause of happiness and suffering, this is clearly recorded in our shastras. The papa and puniya are of 3 types. So the results of them is of three times. What are those 3 types:

1. Some of puniya karma is done via Manaasu (mind) - if karma is papa then it is Manasica Papa
2. Some of puniya karma is done via speech( by speaking) - if karma is papa then it is Vachika Papa
3. Some of puniya karma is done via body -  if karma is papa then it is Sharirika Papa

Similarly even papa is done in above mentioned ways. So if we did any papa via mind, we mentally suffer. similarly other two.

what do we mean by papa via mind and how will we suffer,the shastra says:
"Paradraveshaya vidayanam manaasa nista chintanam, vithatha nibeshaasta trividham manasam smrutham"
Which means thinking of robbing money. This is manasa karma or papa via mind. Or thinking of torturing someone. In addition, having feeling against shashtra. So what are  those feelings? Shashtra is telling ishwara is everything, he is the one who is responsible for the creation of this world, maintenance and destroy. He is the one who is responsible to give us the fruits of actions i.e karma phala. But there are some people won't believe in god, even after listening to shastras if they can't recognize ishwara then we can conclude that it is their papa phala. And ignorance towards soul and the concept of rebirth. All these feelings are opposite to shastra. These are because of manasica papam i.e because of papa via the mind.

Similarly many people don't have peace of mind, many are suffering with depression, bad thoughts, lack of mindfulness. All these are result of manasica papa. Because if anyone has to do karma, first he/she should take a decision in mind, then tell it via mouth and then do it finally. So if someone has to rob. First he/she will decide to steal and then plan to steal. Later he/she will tell others or plan or discuss about how to steal. Similarly we think of tourtouring others, we may not actually do it but deciding to do itself is papa. So now we know why are suffering.

So Vachika Papa will make us suffer by speech related problems. what is vachika papa?
"Parushya anruthanchiva pichinuyanpi sarvashaha, asambhada pralapaschya vagmayamsyachaturvidham"

Parushyam means hurting someone with our words. When we speak we should speak softly and speak kind and good words. Instead of speaking ill and hurting with words. The message can delivered either politely or harshly. It all depends on how we tell. For instance, if we want some space there are two ways of asking. Firstly we can say, could you please move? or can you get out from here? Even though both mean the same but the way of saying is making difference.

Anrutham means falsehood,dishonesty or untruth fullness. Speaking untruth is papa. Dharma shastra says "ahimsa satyamastheyam shuchaindriya nigrahaha". Dharma is truth, ahimsa, honesty and controlling the sense. Adharma means exact opposite of dharma i.e dishonety, being untruthful and himsa(torturing others) and having no control over senses. What is lesson from Satya Harischandra story? Just to make Harishcandra tell a lie Vishwamitra tried in all possible ways.  In spite all difficults Harishcandra never told a lie but lost kingdom, so finally Vishwamitra lost.

Third vachika papa is speaking ill about others. If a honest employee is working well. Others will go and speak ill about him to higher authority. And ensure that honest person suffers. Is there any use of speaking ill about others? Nothing! . Among the people who do bad others, there are two types. Firstly to get their job done they trouble others. But there are some, there intention is only to cause distress to others. No other intention. The second type of worst category. This is pichinyam in sanskrit.

In addition, Asambhada pralapaschaya. If we go to temple we should think of god. Instead of we talk about politics and other totally irrelevant things. Speaking things which are totally irrelevant is Asambhada pralapam. So because of this karma we will suffer. How will that suffering be?

Being dumb, stammering, unable to speak fluently , all these are fruits of vachika papam. Many small kids cannot speak. Why do you think it happens. It is fruit of karma.

Lastly Sharirika Papa that is papa via body. What is this? After thinking of robbing. Now actually doing it. Manasica papa is thinking of turtoring others, sharirika papa is actully troubling others. Worst of all papa was done by Ravanasura. Kidnapping Sita mata was a big blunder. Someone asked me why Rama killed Ravana only for kidnapping. I asked, is that a small mistake? When you see any women you should have feelings of your mother.

"Mathruth paradareshu paradrave shuloshtavatu" - One should always think of other women as your mother. If you have bad feelings,  you ll be Ravana. Haven't seen people suffering in some many different ways? In earlier days, there used to be only one doctor. But today there are specalisit for every part of the body. How many kinds of diseases are we suffering from. All these are fruits of  Sharirika Papa. The lesson for us is not to do any kind of papa mentioned above. Whatever was done in the past is over, we are suffering now. But at least now stop doing papa. If we don't do any of these papa, we will be happy in next birth. This is what has been told ind Dharma Shastra. This was told to ensure that we will be happy.

So do exact opposite of papa. If thinking of robbing is papa, thinking of donating money is punya. If thinking of tortuing is papa, thinking of helping others is punya. Similarly thinking opposite of dharma is  papa, thinking in alignment with dharma is punya.

You might have seen some kids. If they see their parents praying, they also want to pray. No one told the kids, but they have samskara. All these are manasica puniya karma. So as result of these karmas you ll be happy. I have seen some people say, I don't have any problem. I am really happy and peaceful in life. If there is no problem then it is fruits of punya.

I have a shishya who says, I will pay tax as per government rules. I have no problem. I sleep peacefully everynight. Because of this good karma he is very happy. .

Similarly instead of speaking harsh words. Speak politely. And speaking truth and speaking according to situation. Similary refrain from sharirika papa. Respect other women, dont steal wealth.

All that we need to do is understand Dharma, follow Dharma and be happy. The point I began the speech to tell how to be happy. If you don't do papa and do only punya then you ll be happy throughout your life.

I bless all the people. Harnamha parvathipathve hara hara mahadeva.

Brahma satyam jagan mityam jivobrahmhiva na paraha.

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